P1313: Gut microbiota therapy improves outcomes in inflammatory bowel diseaseECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Qi, G.(1)*;
(1)Ningxia Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology- Third Clinical College of Medicine, Yinchuan, China;
[1] Franzosa EA, Sirota-Madi A, Avila-Pacheco J, et al. Gut microbiome structure and metabolic activity in inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Microbiol. 2019;4(2):293-305.
[2] Sokol H, Pigneur B, Watterlot L, et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn's disease patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105(43):16731-16736.
[3] Paramsothy S, Kamm MA, Kaakoush NO, et al. Multidonor intensive faecal microbiota transplantation for active ulcerative colitis: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2017;389(10075):1218-1228.
[4] Kelly CR, Ihunnah C, Fischer M, et al. Fecal microbiota transplant for treatment of Clostridium difficile infection in immunocompromised patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109(7):1065-1071.
P1314: Multi-omics analysis of Crohn's Disease trajectory from active to remission reveals that the altered ileal anti-bacterial epithelial signals and pathogenic microbial composition and metabolomics persist despite normalizing ileal immune signals during remissionECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Haberman Ziv, Y.(1)*;Braun , T.(1);Levhar, N.(1);Efroni, G.(1);Hadar, R.(1);Jessula Levy, D.(1);Talan Asher, A.(1);Unger, B.(1);Picard, O.(1);Yablecovitch, D.(1);Kopylov, U.(1);Denson, L.(2);Eliakim, R.(1);Ben-Horin, S.(1);Amir, A.(1);
(1)Sheba Medical Center, Gastro, Ramat Gan, Israel;(2)Cincinnati Children Hospital Medical Center, Gastro, Cincinnati, United States; The Leona M & Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust Israeli IBD Research Nucleus (IIRN)
P1315: Decoding microbiome-metabolome interactions: gaining insights into Gastric Cancer, Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colon CancerECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Philip, D.(1);Hodgkiss, R.(2);Kollampallath Radhakrishnan , S.(2);Acharjee, A.(3)*;
(1)University of Birmingham Dubai- UAE, Institute of Genomics and Cancer, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;(2)University of Birmingham, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom;(3)University of Birmingham, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences- Centre for Health Data Research, Birmingham, United Kingdom;
P1316: Increased ultra-processed food consumption is associated with inflammation-promoting shift of gut microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Kim, K.A.(1)*;Im, H.W.(1);Choi, S.(1);Shon, W.J.(1);Kim, J.S.(1);Kim, B.G.(1);Im, J.P.(1);Kim, S.H.(1);Kim, J.W.(2);Kang, H.W.(2);Kim, K.W.(2);Kim, E.S.(3);Koh, S.J.(1);
(1)Seoul National University Hospital, Gastroenterology, Seoul, Korea- Republic Of;(2)SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Gastroenterology, Seoul, Korea- Republic Of;(3)Kyungpook National University Hospital, Gastroenterology, Daegu, Korea- Republic Of;
1. Whelan K, Bancil AS, Lindsay JO, Chassaing B. Ultra-processed foods and food additives in gut health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. Jun 2024;21(6):406-427. doi:10.1038/s41575-024-00893-5
P1317: Oral microbiota is linked to the propensity for mucosal healing: A prospective oral-gut-stool microbiome analysis in IBDECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Whelan, R.(1)*;Cartlidge, P.(1);Chuah, C.S.(2);Hall, R.(3);Wands, D.(1);Ong, S.(1);Le Saint-Grant, L.(1);Lau, S.Y.(1);Hodge, M.(1);Gerasimidis, K.(4);Ho, G.T.(1);
(1)University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh, United Kingdom;(2)University of Glasgow, School of Infection and Immunity, Glasgow, United Kingdom;(3)NHS Tayside, Department of Gastroenterology, Dundee, United Kingdom;(4)University of Glasgow, Human nutrition- School of Medicine- Dentistry & Nursing, Glasgow, United Kingdom;
1. Shenhav, L., Thompson, M., Joseph, T.A. et al. FEAST: fast expectation-maximization for microbial source tracking. Nat Methods 16, 627–632 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0431-x
P1319: Multi-omic modelling of antibiotic perturbed faecal microbial communities demonstrates reduced microbial resilience in IBDECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Koentgen, S.(1)*;Zhang, F.(1);O'Brien, C.(2);Grimm, M.(3);Allen-Vercoe, E.(4);Hold, G.L.(1);
(1)University of New South Wales, Microbiome Research Centre, Sydney, Australia;(2)University of Canberra, Biomedical Science, Canberra, Australia;(3)University of New South Wales, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Sydney, Australia;(4)University of Guelph, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Guelph, Canada;
P1320: Oral highly-virulent pathogenic isolates aggravated colitis through gut microbiota-equol-ERβ axisECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Chen, J.(1)*;Yang, C.(1);Xu, Y.(1);Zhao, Y.(1);Wu, J.(1);Liu, Y.(1);Chen, N.(1);
(1)Peking University People's Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing, China;
P1321: Inflammatory bowel disease and the rural to urban microbiome transition in ZambiaECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Hodges, P.(1,2)*;Mweetwa, M.(3);Kayamba, V.(3);O'Keefe, S.(4);Ocvirk, S.(5);Neuhaus, K.(6);Kelly, P.(2,3);
(1)Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Trust, Gastroenterology, Exeter, United Kingdom;(2)Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, London, United Kingdom;(3)University of Zambia, Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, Lusaka, Zambia;(4)University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States;(5)German Institute of Human Nutrition, Intestinal Microbiology Research Group, Potsdam, Germany;(6)Technical University of Munich, Core Facility Mikrobiom, Munich, Germany;
1. Ng SC, Shi HY, Hamidi N, Underwood FE, Tang W, Benchimol EI, et al. Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies. Lancet. 2018;390(10114):2769-78.
2. Lagkouvardos I, Joseph D, Kapfhammer M, Giritli S, Horn M, Haller D, et al. IMNGS: A comprehensive open resource of processed 16S rRNA microbial profiles for ecology and diversity studies. Scientific Reports. 2016;6:33721.
3. Kioukis A, Pourjam M, Neuhaus K, Lagkouvardos I. Taxonomy Informed Clustering, an optimized method for purer and more informative clusters in diversity analysis and microbiome data processing. Frontiers in Bioinformatics. 2022;2(864597).
4. Lagkouvardos I, Fischer S, Kumar N, Clavel T. Rhea: a transparent and modular R pipeline for microbial profiling based on 16S rRNA gene amplicons. Peerj. 2017;5:e2836.
P1322: Gut microbiome and Virome dynamics between rural and urban population suggests the severity in ulcerative colitis patientsECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Sharma, K.K.(1)*;Yadav, A.(2);Shinde, P.(2);Kumar, M.(3);Kedia, S.(3);Ahuja, V.(4);
(1)Maharshi Dayanand University, Microbiology, Rohtak, India;(2)MDU, Microbiology, Rohtak, India;(3)AIIMS, Gastroenterology and human nurtition, New Delhi, India;(4)AIIMS, gastroenterology and human nutrition, New Delhi, India;
1. Banerjee, R., Pal, P., Patel, R., Godbole, S., Komawar, A., Mudigonda, S., ... & Travis, S. P. (2023). Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rural and urban India: results from community colonoscopic evaluation of more than 30,000 symptomatic patients. The Lancet Regional Health-Southeast Asia,
2. Lloyd-Price, J., Arze, C., Ananthakrishnan, A. N., Schirmer, M., Avila-Pacheco, J., Poon, T. W., ... & Huttenhower, C. (2019). Multi-omics of the gut microbial ecosystem in inflammatory bowel diseases. Nature, 569(7758), 655-662.
3. Yadav A, Shinde PB, Mohan H, Dhar MS, Ponnusamy K, Marwal R, Radhakrishnan VS, Goyal S, Kedia S, Ahuja V, Sharma KK. Gut colonization with antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli pathobionts leads to disease severity in ulcerative colitis. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2024 Oct;64(4):107289. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107289.
P1323: Differential Microbiome Responses to the Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet in Pediatric vs. Adult Populations: Insights from Randomized Controlled TrialsECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Sigall-Boneh, R.(1,2)*;Organ, S.(3);Yanai, H.(4,5);Maharshak, N.(5,6);Dotan, I.(4,5);Abramas, L.(1);Wine, E.(7);Wierdsma, N.(8);Verburgt, C.(9);Ghiboub, M.(2,9,10);Gu, H.(3,11); Bielawski, J.(3,11,12);Dunn, K.(11,13);Van Limbergen, J.(2,9,10);
(1)Edith Wolfson Medical Center, PIBD Research Center- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Holon, Israel;(2)University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(3)Dalhousie University, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Halifax, Canada;(4)Rabin Medical Center, IBD center- Division of Gastroenterology, Petah Tikva, Israel;(5)Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv, Israel;(6)Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv, Israel;(7)University of Alberta, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology- Department of Pediatrics, Edmonton, Israel;(8)Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(9)Amsterdam University Medical Centers- Emma Children’s Hospital, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(10)Emma Children's Hospital- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Pediatric Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(11)Dalhousie University, Institute for Comparative Genomics, Halifax, Canada;(12)Dalhousie University, Department of Biology, Halifax, Canada;(13)Dalhousie University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Halifax, Canada;
1. Levine A, Wine E, Assa A et al. Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet Plus Partial Enteral Nutrition Induces Sustained Remission in a Randomized Controlled Trial. Gastroenterology. 2019 Aug;157(2):440-450.e8. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.04.021.
2. Yanai H, Levine A, Hirsch A et al. The Crohn's disease exclusion diet for induction and maintenance of remission in adults with mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease (CDED-AD): an open-label, pilot, randomised trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Jan;7(1):49-59. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00299-5.
P1324: Longitudinal Changes in Gut Microbiota During the First Year following diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease – the IBSEN III studyECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Maseng, M.G.(1,2)*;Hansen, S.H.(1,3,4);Bang, C.(5);Valeur, J.(1,6);Huppertz-Hauss , G.(7);Opheim , R.(8,9);Perminow, G.(10);Boyar Cetinkaya , R.(11);Detlie, T.E.(1,12);Kristensen , V.A.(1,2);Asak, Ø.(13);Bengtson , M.B.(14);Hovde, Ø.(1,15);Strande, V.(1,6,16);Vatn, S.(1,12);Aabrekk, T.B.(14,17);Høivik, M.L.(1,2);Hov, J.R.(1,3,4,18);
(1)Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine- University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;(2)Dep. of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;(3)Norwegian PSC Research Center, Dep. of Transplantation Medicine- Division of Surgery- Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;(4)Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery- Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;(5)Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology-, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany;(6)Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway;(7)Telemark Hospital Trust, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway;(8)Dep. of Gastroenterology-, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;(9)Dep. of Public Health, Institute of Health and Society- University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;(10)Pediatric Dep., Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;(11)Dep. of Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway;(12)Dep. of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway;(13)Medical Dep., Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway;(14)Medical Dep., Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway;(15)Dept. of Gastroenterology, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Gjøvik, Norway;(16)Dep. of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway;(17)Faculty of Medicine-, University of Oslo, Tønsberg, Norway;(18)Section of Gastroenterology, Dep. of Transplantation Medicine- Division of Surgery- Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; IBSEN III study group
P1325: Metabolic dynamics of the small intestinal microbiota upon nutritional interventionsECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Jordi, S.(1)*;Li, J.(1);Bärtschi, I.(1);Fasel, N.(1);Jacqueline, W.(1);Stecher, B.(2);Sauer, U.(3);Andrew, M.(4);Yilmaz, B.(1);Misselwitz, B.(5);
(1)Inselspital- Bern University Hospital- University of Bern, Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern, Switzerland;(2)LMU, Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, München, Germany;(3)ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology- Department of Biology, Zürich, Switzerland;(4)Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital- Bern University Hospital- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland;(5)LMU, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, München, Germany;
P1326: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Refractory and Recurrent Clostridium innocuum Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Study on Safety, Clinical Outcomes, and Microbiota ChangesECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Chiu, C.H.(1,2,3)*;Le, P.H.(2,3,4);Yeh, Y.M.(3,5);Chiu, C.T.(2,3,6);
(1)Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Linkou, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan, Taiwan;(2)Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Linkou, Chang Gung Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan;(3)Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Linkou, Chang Gung Microbiota Therapy Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan;(4)Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Linkou, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taoyuan, Taiwan;(5)Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Linkou, Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Taoyuan, Taiwan;(6)Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Linkou, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taoyuan, Taiwan;
1.Le PH, Chiu CT, Yeh PJ, Pan YB, Chiu CH. Clostridium innocuum infection in hospitalised patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Infect. 2022;84(3):337‒42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.031
2.Ha CWY, Martin A, Sepich-Poore GD, Shi B, Wang Y, Gouin K, et al. Translocation of viable gut microbiota to mesenteric adipose drives formation of creeping fat in humans. Cell. 2020;183(3):666‒83.
P1327: Microbial signatures associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Australia: baseline data from the Australian IBD Microbiome studyECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Jayawardana, T.(1)*;Little, R.D.(1,2,3);Zhang, F.(1);Koentgen, S.(1);Wu, N.(1);Tavakoli, P.(1,4);Sidhu, S.(1);Le, A.(1);Boussioutas, A.(2,3);Ward, M.G.(2,3);Miles P, S.(2,3);Gibson, P.R.(2);Ghaly, S.(4);Corte, C.(5,6);Talley, N.J.(7,8);Leach, S.(9);Lemberg, D.(10);Dutt, S.(10,11);Paramsothy, S.(12,13);Leong, R.(12,13);Connor, S.J.(14,15,16);Hold, G.(1);
(1)University of New South Wales, Microbiome Research Centre, Sydney, Australia;(2)Monash University, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia;(3)The Alfred Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Melbourne, Australia;(4)St Vincent's Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sydney, Australia;(5)University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, Australia;(6)Macquaire University, Macquaire University Clinic, Sydney, Australia;(7)The University of Newcastle, School of Medicine and Public Health, Newcastle, Australia;(8)The University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia;(9)University of New South Wales, Discipline of Paediatrics, Sydney, Australia;(10)Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney, Australia;(11)Sydney Children's Hospital Westmead, Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney, Australia;(12)University of Sydney, Concord Clinical School, Sydney, Australia;(13)Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney, Australia;(14)Western Sydney University, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia;(15)University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine and Health South West Sydney Clinical Campuses, Sydney, Australia;(16)Liverpool Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sydney, Australia; Australia IBD Microbiome (AIM) Study
1. Little RD, Jayawardana T, Koentgen S, et al. Pathogenesis and precision medicine for predicting response in inflammatory bowel disease: advances and future directions. eGastroenterology 2024;2:e100006. doi:10.1136/ egastro-2023-100006
2. Williams A, Paramsothy R, Wu N, et al. Australia IBD Microbiome (AIM) Study: protocol for a multicentre longitudinal prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2021;11:e042493. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042493
P1328: Reduced salivary alpha-diversity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 1000 IBD patients – a role for oral microbiome as a marker of downstream dysbiosis in IBDECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Wands, D.(1,2,3)*;Whelan, R.(3);Hansen, R.(4);Rimmer, P.(5,6);Iqbal, T.(5,6);Ho, G.T.(3);
(1)Royal Hospital For Children, Paediatric Gastroenterology- Hepatology and Nutrition, Glasgow, United Kingdom;(2)University of Edinburgh, Child Life and Health, Edinburgh, United Kingdom;(3)University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, United Kingdom;(4)University of Dundee, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Gastroenterology, Dundee, United Kingdom;(5)University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Science, Birmingham, United Kingdom;(6)Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Birmingham, United Kingdom;
P1329: Longitudinal study of the gut microbiome in patients with ulcerative colitis on biological treatment with vedolizumabECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Robles Alonso, V.(1)*;Herrera-deGuise, C.(1);Mayorga , L.(1);Varela, E.(2);Martín Arranz, M.D.(3);Margolles, A.(4);Sabater, C.(4);Casellas, F.(5);Guarner, F.(6);Borruel , N.(1);
(1)Universitary Hospital Vall d’Hebron- Barcelona- Spain, Crohn’s and Colitis Attention Unit- Digestive System Service, Barcelona, Spain;(2)Institut de Recerca Vall d´Hebron, Institut de Recerca Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Spain;(3)Gastroenterology Department, Universitary Hospital La Paz- Madrid, Madrid, Spain;(4)IPLA-CSIC- Asturias, Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Asturias, Spain;(5)Universitary Hospital Vall d´Hebron- Barcelona, Crohn’s and Colitis Attention Unit- Digestive System Service, Barcelona, Spain;(6)Centro médico Teknon- Barcelona, Gastroenterología, Barcelona, Spain;
P1330: The gut microbiome at the onset of inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review of the literature and unified bioinformatic synthesis of sequencing data from >1000 treatment naïve patients.ECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Rimmer, P.(1)*;Zhang, F.(2);Scott, G.(3);Hold, G.(4);Gordon, M.(5);Iqbal, T.(6);Hansen, R.(7);
(1)University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Gastroenterology, Birmingham, United Kingdom;(2)University of New South Wales, School of Clinical Medicine, Syndey, Australia;(3)NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Paediatric Gastroenterology, Glasgow, United Kingdom;(4)University of New South Wales, School of Clinical Medicine, Sydney, Australia;(5)University of Central Lancashire, School of Medicine, Preston, United Kingdom;(6)University of Birmingham, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Birmingham, United Kingdom;(7)University of Dundee, School of Medicine, Dundee, United Kingdom;
P1331: Differences in gut microbiome comparing lifestyle habits between ulcerative colitis patients and healthy controls during COVID-19ECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Straume, Z.(1)*;Krumina, N.(1);Elbere, I.(2);Rozenberga, M.(2);Blomniece, L.(3);Zidkova, L.(1);Rudzite, D.(4);Erts, R.(5);Megnis, K.(2);Krumina, A.(6);
(1)Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Clinic, Riga, Latvia;(2)Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Translational Omics Group, Riga, Latvia;(3)Riga Stradins University, Department of Internal Diseases, Riga, Latvia;(4)Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Department of Microbiology, Riga, Latvia;(5)University of Latvia, Faculty of Medicine, Riga, Latvia;(6)Riga Stradins University, Department of Infectology, Riga, Latvia;
P1332: Differences in gut microbiome regarding education level, occupation and income level during COVID-19ECCO'25Year: 2025
Authors: Straume, Z.(1,2);Krumina, N.(1,3)*;Elbere, I.(4);Rozenberga, M.(4);Blomniece, L.(2);Zidkova, L.(1);Rudzite, D.(5);Erts, R.(6);Megnis, K.(4);Krumina, A.(7);
(1)Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Clinic, Riga, Latvia;(2)Riga Stradins University, Department of Internal Diseases, Riga, Latvia;(3)Riga Stradins University, Department of Internal Disease, Riga, Latvia;(4)Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Translational Omics Group, Riga, Latvia;(5)Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Department of Microbiology, Riga, Latvia;(6)University of Latvia, Faculty of Medicine, Riga, Latvia;(7)Riga Stradins University, Department of Infectology, Riga, Latvia;
