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ECCO Fellowship presentation: Targeting CD4+ T-cell plasticity in IBD7th Y-ECCO Basic Science Workshop
Year: 2021
Authors: Andres Machicote
Summary content

Educational objective:

-        To analyse Th17 plasticity in T-cell transfer colitis mouse model, and correlate this with the microbiota composition.

-        To understand whether antibiotics affect Th17 plasticity through microbiota-dependent processes.

Summary. During Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), CD4+ effector T cells are main mediators of the tissue damage. Among them, Th17 cells strongly contribute to the inflammatory response. Interestingly, our lab previously showed that Th17 cells can convert into regulatory T cells, thereby controlling inflammation. However, the forces controlling the plasticity of T cells during IBD remain largely unknown. Our aim is to understand, how CD4+ T-cell plasticity can be modulated from a pro-inflammatory towards an anti-inflammatory profile during IBD. In this regard, both Th17 and Foxp3 regulatory T cells can recognize microbiota-antigens. Moreover, changes in the microbiota are commonly observed in IBD. Therefore, we hypothesize that the microbiota might be a key candidate to modulate T-cell plasticity. To address our goal, T-cell transfer mouse IBD model was performed by transferring CD4+ naïve T-cells into Rag1-/- mice. To study Th17 T-cell plasticity, we used as donors IL-17A Fate-mapping mice. Ciprofloxacin and metronidazole, antibiotics commonly given to IBD patients, were used to treat the mice. After T-cell transfer colitis induction, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole treatment ameliorated gut inflammation. In line with this, we observed a relative expansion of bacteria previously associated with beneficial IBD outcomes (e.g. Bifidobacterium). More interestingly, colon CD4+ T-cells showed an increased conversion from Th17 towards a Foxp3+ Treg profile (Foxp3ExTh17)(p=0.03).

ECCO Guidelines: Prevention and management of Opportunistic Infections (Tandem Talk)ECCO'21 Virtual
Year: 2021
Authors: Torsten Kucharzik; Stephan R. Vavricka
Summary content

The presentation will provide an update on the recently updated ECCO guideline on the prevention, diagnosis and management of infections in IBD

ECCO Lecture: IBD clinical trials: Where do we go from here?ECCO'21 Virtual
Year: 2021
Authors: William Sandborn
Summary content

1. To understand the role of head to head trials in positioning therapies

2. To be familiar with the large pipeline of new agents for IBD including the late stage products focused on JAK inhibition, anti-p19 (interleukin 23) antibodies, and S1P modulators

3. To be familiar with the multiple agents targeting gut delivery that in early stage development

4. To be familiar with the evolving role of precision medicine and artificial intelligence in the care of IBD patients

5. To be familiar with novel clinical trial approaches are increasingly being employed in IBD including adaptive design, umbrella trials, basket trials, and platform trials

Endoscopy or ultrasound for disease activity assessment? (Tandem Talk)ECCO'21 Virtual
Year: 2021
Authors: Marietta Iacucci; Mariangela Allocca
Summary content

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic, progressive, disabling condition. Since strategies targeting the control of symptoms do not significantly change the natural course of the diseases, mucosal healing has become the therapeutic goal to prevent disease recurrence and structural damage. However, frequent colonoscopies (CS) are expensive, invasive, and not well tolerated by patients, thus non-invasive tools for assessment and monitoring are strongly needed.

Bowel ultrasound (US) is a well-tolerated, non-invasive, patient friendly, cheap, easy-to-use tool to manage IBD patients in clinical practice. In addition, its ability to be performed as point-of-care bowel US may drastically change frequency of the assessment of treatment response, speeding the clinical decision-making process

This presentation aims to review the evidence for the use of bowel US, alternatively to CS, for the assessment and monitoring of disease activity in IBD.

Entero MRI - what to look for3rd ECCO Basic Imaging Workshop in collaboration with ESGAR: Ultrasound and MRI
Year: 2021
Authors: Pasquale Paolantonio
Summary content

Technical features of Entero-MRI (E-MRI) will be briefly illustrated from basic to advanced sequences.
Imaging findings of ileal Crohn’s disease will be reviewed in this talk with emphasis on their clinical meaning according to literature and Ecco/Esgar  statements.
After this talk participants of the workshop will be able to approach in a critical manner E-MRI studies and MRI structured reports giving a guide to appreciate those findings more relevant in clinical practice in patient management.
Emphasis will be given in the definition of relevant findings such as strictures, penetrating lesions, edema and fibrosis of bowel wall.
Criteria to assess inflammation activity as well as  MR scores of activity will be illustrated.
Strength and weak points  of E-MRI will be discussed

Enterocutaneous fistula10th S-ECCO IBD Masterclass
Year: 2021
Authors: Pär Myrelid
Summary content

Educational objectives: 

  1. To understand the risk management prior to surgery and how to prevent enterocutaneous fistulas
  2. To briefly understand the pre- and peroperative management of enterocutaneous fistulas
Faecal transplantation as a treatment in IBD15th N-ECCO Network Meeting
Year: 2021
Authors: Ailsa Hart
Summary content

Educational objectives:
1. To understand the rationale for FMT as a treatment for IBD.
2. To be updated on trial data for FMT in IBD.
3. To understand some emerging predictors of efficacy for FMT in IBD.
4. To understand the infrastructural needs for FMT as a therapy.
5. To understand the evolving regulatory landscape and governance issues for FMT.

Fermented foods - fad or fix?6th D-ECCO Workshop
Year: 2021
Authors: Marjo Campmans-Kuijpers
Summary content

Educational objectives
•What is fermentation? What are fermented food?
•History of fermented foods
•Do fermented foods necessarily contain live microorganisms?
•Are fermented foods the same as probiotic foods?
•Do microorganisms in fermented foods become established in the gut or influence gut microbiota?
•Do fermented foods provide health benefits?
• Main studies on fermented foods and gastrointestinal tract: yogurt, cheese, kefir , sourdough bread, sauerkraut, kimchi, fermented soy products

Fibrosis in IBD and its assessment6th H-ECCO IBD Masterclass
Year: 2021
Authors: Roger M. Feakins
Summary content
1. To understand the pathogenesis of fibrosis in Crohn’s disease

2. To review the features of strictures in Crohn’s disease
3. To appreciate the role of pathology in assessing fibrosis and strictures in Crohn's disease

4. To discuss fibrosis in ulcerative colitis




Filling the Gaps5th Advanced ECCO: EduCational COurse for Industry
Year: 2021
Authors: Silvio Danese
Summary content

new endpoints for multiple orphan indications are being defined in this lecture

First clinical case: Abdominal fistulizing Crohn's disease10th S-ECCO IBD Masterclass
Year: 2021
Authors: Michele Carvello
Food additives and their effect on the microbiome6th D-ECCO Workshop
Year: 2021
Authors: Arie Levine
Summary content

Inflammation in the Inflammatory bowel diseases may be driven by diet , as evidenced to date by the return of inflammation in patients transitioning from exclusive enteral nutrition to partial enteral nutrition. Exclusion diets such as the Crohn’s disease exclusion diets cause a decrease in inflammation and mucosal healing in Crohn’s disease. These findings suggest that certain dietary components may be one of the culprits in driving the surge of IBD around the globe. One of the key suspects are dietary additives.
In the current talk we will review the effects of dietary additives such as:
maltodextrins
carrageenans
 gums
emulsifiers
and the effects upon the microbiome and goblet cells.

From bench to research group leader7th Y-ECCO Basic Science Workshop
Year: 2021
Authors: Raja Atreya
Summary content

Elucidate factors that help to make the successful transition from the bench to research group leader.

Gastroenterologist's view: Features of IBD6th H-ECCO IBD Masterclass
Year: 2021
Authors: Peter Miles Irving
Summary content

Understand the clinical features of IBD
Recognise the endoscopic findings in IBD
Review the potential treatments for IBD

Generating complex data to unravel IBD7th Y-ECCO Basic Science Workshop
Year: 2021
Authors: Stefan Wolfgang Schreiber
Head to head trialsECCO'21 Virtual
Year: 2021
Authors: Subrata Ghosh
Summary content

1. To understand the objectives and necessity of head to head trials of new targeted therapies against active comparators in IBD

2. To understand the types of head to head trials in IBD

3. To follow the details of completed head to head trials in IBD and their conclusions

4. To interpret recently completed head to head trials in IBD 

Hot topics in IBD6th H-ECCO IBD Masterclass
Year: 2021
Authors: Gert De Hertogh
Summary content

Hot topics list (2020-2021)
1.Disease mechanisms
2.(Differential) diagnoses
3.COVID-19
4.Endoscopy scoring
5.Histology
6.Clinical trials involving histology
7.IBD-associated neoplasia

How do we measure quality in guidelines?2nd Guideline Methodology and GRADE Workshop
Year: 2021
Authors: Joana Tinoco da Silva Torres
Summary content

1. To address the importance of developing high-quality guidelines
2. To address some of the issues behind guideline quality variability
3. To discuss the different domains that dictate standards of quality in guidelines

How does Cochrane collaboration sit alongside ECCO guidelines? (Tandem Talk)2nd Guideline Methodology and GRADE Workshop
Year: 2021
Authors: Timothy Raine, Morris Gordon
How important is IBD?1st ECCO Postgraduate Course in IBD
Year: 2021
Authors: Séverine Vermeire
Summary content

We will review the following items with respect to IBD:
1. History & epidemiology
2. pathogenesis 
3. genetics
4. environmental factors