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The First European Evidence-based Consensus on Extra-intestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseJCC: Volume 10, Issue 3, 2016
Year: 2016
Authors: Marcus Harbord, Vito Annese, Stephan R. Vavricka, Matthieu Allez, Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta, Kirsten Muri Boberg, Johan Burisch, Martine De Vos, Anne-Marie De Vries, Andrew D. Dick, Pascal Juillerat, Tom H. Karlsen, Ioannis Koutroubakis, Peter L. Lakatos, Tim Orchard, Pavol Papay, Tim Raine, Max Reinshagen, Diamant Thaci, Herbert Tilg, Franck Carbonnel

This is the first European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] consensus guideline that addresses extra-intestinal manifestations [EIMs] in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. It has been drafted by 21 ECCO members from 13 European countries. Although this is the first ECCO consensus guideline that primarily addresses EIMs, it is partly derived from, updates, and replaces previous ECCO consensus advice on EIMs, contained within the consensus guidelines for Crohn’s disease1 [CD] and ulcerative colitis2 [UC].

Third European Evidence-based Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of Crohn’s Disease 2016: Part 2: Surgical Management and Special SituationsJCC: Volume 11, Issue 2, 2017
Year: 2016
Authors: Paolo Gionchetti, Axel Dignass, Silvio Danese, Fernando José Magro Dias, Gerhard Rogler, Péter Laszlo Lakatos, Michel Adamina, Sandro Ardizzone, Christianne J. Buskens, Shaji Sebastian, Silvio Laureti, Gianluca M. Sampietro, Boris Vucelic, C. Janneke van der Woude, Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta, Christian Maaser, Francisco Portela, Stephan R. Vavricka, Fernando Gomollón

This paper is the second in a series of two publications relating to the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn’s disease [CD] and concerns the surgical management of CD as well as special situations including management of perianal CD and extraintestinal manifestations. Diagnostic approaches and medical management of CD of this ECCO Consensus are covered in the first paper [Gomollon et al. JCC 2016].

Y-ECCO Literature Review: Ozanimod induction and maintenance treatment for Ulcerative ColitisECCO News Issue 03/2016
Year: 2016
Authors: Jonathan Segal
Files: 1
European Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of Iron Deficiency and Anaemia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases JCC: Volume 9, Issue 3, 2015
Year: 2015
Authors: Axel U. Dignass, Christoph Gasche, Dominik Bettenworth, Gunnar Birgegård, Silvio Danese, Javier P Gisbert, Fernando Gomollon, Tariq Iqbal, Konstantinos Katsanos, Ioannis Koutroubakis, Fernando Magro, Guillaume Savoye, Jürgen Stein, Stephan Vavricka

Introduction:

Anaemia is the most common systemic complication and extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD].1–3 In the majority of cases, IBD-associated anaemia is a unique example of the combination of chronic iron deficiency and anaemia of chronic disease [ACD].4,5 Other more rare causes of anaemia in IBD include vitamin B12 and folate deficiency, toxic effects of medications, and others. The impact of anaemia on the quality of life of IBD patients is substantial. It affects various aspects of quality of life such as physical, emotional, and cognitive functions, the ability to work, hospitalization, and healthcare costs.6 Anaemia in IBD is not just a laboratory marker; it is a complication of IBD that needs appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

European Evidence-based Consensus: Inflammatory Bowel Disease and MalignanciesJCC: Volume 9, Issue 11, 2015
Year: 2015
Authors: Vito Annese, Laurent Beaugerie, Laurence Egan, Livia Biancone, Claus Bolling, Christian Brandts, Daan Dierickx, Reinhard Dummer, Gionata Fiorino, Jean Marc Gornet, Peter Higgins, Konstantinos H. Katsanos, Loes Nissen, Gianluca Pellino, Gerhard Rogler, Franco Scaldaferri, Edyta Szymanska, Rami Eliakim

Due to the important clinical problem that the risk of malignancy in patients with IBD represents for physicians treating IBD, ECCO planned to initiate a programme to develop a specific Guideline for malignancy. 
The aim of this consensus is to 
establish Guidelines for managing the risk of malignancy, treatment in the event of malignancy and therapy of IBD in the context of a past or current history of malignancy.

The Second European Evidenced-Based Consensus on Reproduction and Pregnancy in Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseJCC: Volume 9, Issue 2, 2015
Year: 2015
Authors: C.J. van der Woude, S. Ardizzone, M.B. Bengtson, G. Fiorino, G. Fraser, K. Katsanos, S. Kolacek, P. Juillerat, A.G.M.G.J. Mulders, N. Pedersen, C. Selinger, S. Sebastian, A. Sturm, Z. Zelinkova, F. Magro

Trying to conceive and being pregnant is an emotional period for those involved. In the majority of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease, maintenance therapy is required during pregnancy to control the disease, and disease control might necessitate introduction of new drugs during a vulnerable period. In this updated consensus on the reproduction and pregnancy in inflammatory bowel disease reproductive issues including fertility, the safety of drugs during pregnancy and lactation are discussed.

Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: Results of the 3rd ECCO pathogenesis scientific workshop (I)JCC: Volume 8, Issue 1, 2014
Year: 2014
Authors: Shaji Sebastian, Hernandez Vincent Hernández, Pär Myrelid, Revital Kariv, Epameinondas Tsianos, Murat Toruner, Marc Marti-Gallostra, Antonino Spinelli, Andrea E. van der Meulen-de Jong, Elif Sarıtas Yuksel, Christoph Gasche, Sandro Ardizzone, Silvio Danese

Epidemiological studies demonstrate an increased risk of colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A detailed literature review was conducted on epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, chemoprevention and outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) in IBD as part of the 3rd ECCO scientific pathogenesis workshop.

Consensus guidelines of ECCO/ESPGHAN on the medical management of pediatric Crohn's disease JCC, Volume 8, Issue 10, 2014
Year: 2014
Authors: F.M. Ruemmelea, G. Veres, K.L. Kolho, A. Griffiths, A. Levineg, J.C. Escher, J. Amil Dias, A. Barabinoj, C.P. Braegger, J. Bronskyl, S. Buderus, J. Martín-de-Carpi, L. De Ridder, U.L. Fagerberg, J.P. Hugot, J. Kierkus, S. Kolacekt, S. Koletzko, P. Lionetti, E. Miele, V.M. Navas López, A. Paerregaardy, R.K. Russell, D.E. Serbanaa, R. Shaoul, P. Van Rheenenac, G. Veeremanad, B. Weiss, D. Wilsonaf, A. Dignass, A. Eliakim, H. Winter, D. Turner

Children and adolescents with Crohn's disease (CD) present often with a more complicated disease course compared to adult patients. In addition, the potential impact of CD on growth, pubertal and emotional development of patients underlines the need for a specific management strategy of pediatric-onset CD. To develop the first evidenced based and consensus driven guidelines for pediatric-onset CD an expert panel of 33 IBD specialists was formed after an open call within the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation and the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterolog, Hepatology and Nutrition. The aim was to base on a thorough review of existing evidence a state of the art guidance on the medical treatment and long term management of children and adolescents with CD, with individualized treatment algorithms based on a benefit-risk analysis according to different clinical scenarios. In children and adolescents who did not have finished their growth, exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is the induction therapy of first choice due to its excellent safety profile, preferable over corticosteroids, which are equipotential to induce remission. The majority of patients with pediatric-onset CD require immunomodulator based maintenance therapy. The experts discuss several factors potentially predictive for poor disease outcome (such as severe perianal fistulizing disease, severe stricturing/penetrating disease, severe growth retardation, panenteric disease, persistent severe disease despite adequate induction therapy), which may incite to an anti-TNF-based top down approach. These guidelines are intended to give practical (whenever possible evidence-based) answers to (pediatric) gastroenterologists who take care of children and adolescents with CD; they are not meant to be a rule or legal standard, since many different clinical scenario exist requiring treatment strategies not covered by or different from these guidelines.

Differences in the management of pediatric and adult onset ulcerative colitis — lessons from the joint ECCO and ESPGHAN consensus guidelines for the management of pediatric ulcerative colitisJCC: Volume 8, Issue 1, 2014
Year: 2014
Authors: Frank M. Ruemmele, Dan Turner

An expert panel of the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) and European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) initiated a consensus process to produce the first pediatric specific ulcerative colitis (UC) guidelines based on a systematic literature review. Treatment strategies must reflect that pediatric-onset UC has a slightly different phenotype than adult-onset disease with more often extensive (pancolitis) and more aggressive disease course. Other pediatric-specific aspects include growth, puberty, bone density accrual and emotional development and body image acquisition. These differences and others influenced the development of pediatric treatment algorithms. It is recommended that virtually all children with UC must be treated with some maintenance therapy and 5-ASA requirement and dosing are often higher in children. A larger number of children are at risk for steroid-dependency, and this should not be tolerated; steroid sparing strategies with early use of immunosuppressors are recommended in high-risk patients. On the other hand, the safety profile of immunosuppressive therapy in children includes the rare forms of lymphomas and many future treatment years. Colectomy and pouch formation should be balanced in the treatment algorithms against the higher rate of future infertility in girls. The acute and on-going management of pediatric UC should be guided by evidence- and consensus-based balanced decisions, reflecting a vision of long-term treatment goals.

European evidence based consensus on surgery for ulcerative colitisJCC: Volume 9, Issue 1, 2015
Year: 2014
Authors: Tom Øresland , Willem A. Bemelman, Gianluca M. Sampietro, Antonino Spinelli, Alastair Windsor, Marc Ferrante, Philippe Marteau, Oded Zmora, Paulo Gustavo Kotze, Eloy Espin-Basany, Emmanuel Tiret, Giuseppe Sica, Yves Panis, Arne E. Faerden, Livia Biancone, Imerio Angriman, Zuzana Serclova, Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten, Paolo Gionchetti, Laurents Stassen, Janindra Warusavitarne, Michel Adamina, Axel Dignass, Rami Eliakim, Fernando Magro, André D’Hoore

The goal of this consensus initiated by the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) was to establish European consensus guidelines for the surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis. The strategy to reach the consensus involved several steps and follows the standard operating procedures for consensus guidelines of ECCO. An open call for chairs and participants for this consensus was made (see acknowledgements and www.ecco-ibd). Participants were selected by the Guidelines' Committee of ECCO (GuiCom) on the basis of their publication record and a personal statement. Four working groups (WGs) were formed: WG 1 on the preoperative phase, WG 2 on the intraoperative phase, WG 3 on the postoperative phase and WG 4 on special situations. Participants were asked to answer relevant questions on current practice and areas of controversy related to the surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis based on their experience as well as evidence from the literature (Delphi procedure).

Extra-intestinal malignancies in inflammatory bowel disease: Results of the 3rd ECCO Pathogenesis Scientific Workshop (III)JCC: Volume 8, Issue 1 , 2014
Year: 2014
Authors: Fernando Magro, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Harry Sokol, Xavier Aldeger, Antonia Costa, Peter D. Higgins,Joel C. Joyce,Konstantinos H. Katsanos, Anthony Lopez, Teresa Mas de Xaxars, Elena Toader, Laurent Beaugerie

The incidence of lymphoproliferative disorders (LD) is increasing in developed countries. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exposed to thiopurines are at additional risk of three specific forms of LD: Epstein-Barr-Virus-related post-transplant like LD, hepato-splenic T-cell lymphoma and post-mononucleosis lymphoproliferation. The risk of the two latter forms of LD can be reduced when considering specific immunosuppressive strategies in young males. It is still unclear whether the risk of uterine cervix abnormalities is increased in IBD women, irrespective of the use of immunosuppressants. Given the excess risk demonstrated in various other contexts of immunosuppression, it is currently recommended that all women with IBD, particularly those receiving immunosuppressants, strictly adhere to a screening program of cervical surveillance and undergo vaccination against HPV, when appropriate. Patients with IBD receiving immunosuppressants are at increased risk of skin cancers. The risk of non-melanoma skin cancer is notably increased in patients receiving thiopurines. Recent data suggest that the risk of melanoma is mildly increased in patients exposed to anti-TNF therapy. All IBD patients should adhere to a program of sun protection and dermatological surveillance, whose details should take into account the other non-IBD-related risk factors.

Non-colorectal intestinal tract carcinomas in inflammatory bowel disease: Results of the 3rd ECCO Pathogenesis Scientific Workshop (II)JCC: Volume 8, Issue 1, 2014
Year: 2014
Authors: Laurence Egan, Renata D'Inca, Tine Jess, Gianluca Pellino, Franck Carbonnel, Bernd Bokemeyer, Marcus Harbord, Paula Nunes, Janneke Van der Woude, Francesco Selvaggi, John Triantafillidis

Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have an excess risk of certain gastrointestinal cancers. Much work has focused on colon cancer in IBD patients, but comparatively less is known about other more rare cancers. The European Crohn's and Colitis Organization established a pathogenesis workshop to review what is known about these cancers and formulate proposals for future studies to address the most important knowledge gaps. This article reviews the current state of knowledge about small bowel adenocarcinoma, ileo-anal pouch and rectal cuff cancer, and anal/perianal fistula cancers in IBD patients.

Results of the 4th Scientific Workshop of the ECCO (Group II): Markers of intestinal fibrosis in inflammatory bowel diseaseJCC: Volume 8, Issue 10, 2014
Year: 2014
Authors: Florian Rieder, Jessica R. de Bruyn, Bao Tung Pham, Konstantinos Katsanos, Vito Annese, Peter D.R. Higgins, Fernando Magro, Iris Dotan

The fourth scientific workshop of the European Crohn's and Colitis Organization (ECCO) focused on intestinal fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The objective was to better understand basic mechanisms and markers of intestinal fibrosis as well as to suggest new therapeutic targets to prevent or treat fibrosis. The results of this workshop are presented in three separate manuscripts. This section describes markers of fibrosis in IBD, identifies unanswered questions in the field and provides a framework for future studies addressing the unmet needs in the field of intestinal fibrosis.

Results of the 4th Scientific Workshop of the ECCO (I) : Pathophysiology of intestinal fibrosis in IBD JCC: Volume 8, Issue 10, 2014
Year: 2014
Authors: Giovanni Latella, Gerhard Rogler, Giorgos Bamias, Christine Breynaert, Jon Florholmen, Gianluca Pellino, Shimon Reif Speca Silvia, Ian C. Lawrance

The fourth scientific workshop of the European Crohn's and Colitis Organization (ECCO) focused on the relevance of intestinal fibrosis in the disease course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The objective was to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of intestinal fibrosis, to identify useful markers and imaging modalities of fibrosis in order to assess its presence and progression, and, finally, to point out possible approaches for the prevention and the treatment of fibrosis.

The results of this workshop are presented in three separate manuscripts. This first section describes the most important mechanisms that contribute to the initiation and progression of intestinal fibrosis in IBD including the cellular and molecular mediators, the extracellular matrix molecules and matrix metalloproteinases/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-system, the microbiota products, the role of fat, genetic and epigenetic factors, as well as the currently available experimental models. Furthermore, it identifies unanswered questions in the field of intestinal fibrosis and provides a framework for future research.