¹Seoul National University College of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Seoul, South Korea ²Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Internal Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

¹Academic Medical Center (AMC), Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands ²Academic Medical Center (AMC), Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam, Netherlands ³Academic Medical Center (AMC), Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam, Netherlands

¹Hospital Privado Universitario de Cordoba, Gastroenterology Department, Cordoba, Argentina ²Instituto Modelo de Cardiologia, Gastroenterology Department, Cordoba, Argentina ³Clínica Reina Fabiola, Gastroenterology Department, Cordoba, Argentina ⁴Hospital Cόrdoba, Gastroenterology Department, Cordoba, Argentina ⁵Sanatorio Allende, Gastroenterology Department, Cordoba, Argentina ⁶Humana-Instituto Médico Privado/Conci-Carpinella, Gastroenterology Department, Cordoba, Argentina

¹St. Mark's Academic Institute, Gastroenterology, London, United Kingdom ²St Mark's Academic Institute, Surgical Epidemiology, Trials and Outcomes Unit (SETOC), London, United Kingdom ³North Zealand University Hospital, Gastroenterology, Frederikssund, Denmark ⁴St Mark's Academic Institute, Gastroenterology, London, United Kingdom

¹Inselspital, Bern, Department of Gastroenterology, Bern, Switzerland ²CHUV, PMU, Lausanne, Switzerland ³Hôpital Saint-Louis, Gastroenterology, Lausanne, France ⁴Universitätsspital, Gastroenterology, Zürich, Switzerland ⁵CHUV, Statistics, Lausanne, Switzerland ⁶CHUV, Gastroenterology, Lausanne, Switzerland ⁷Stadtspital Triemli, Gastroenterology, Zürich, Switzerland ⁸Inselspital, Gastroenterology, Bern, Switzerland ⁹Inselpital, Gastroenterology, Bern, Switzerland

¹University Research Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Denmark, Diagnostic Centre, Section of Gastroenterology, Regional Hospital Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark ²Department of Clinical Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark, Medical Department, Hospital Himmerland, Aalborg, Denmark ³Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, and Clinical Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

¹Shaare Zedek Medical Center, The Juliet Keiden Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Jerusalem, Israel ²Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beer Sheva, Israel ³Clalit Research Institute, Chief's Office, Tel Aviv, Israel ⁴Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel ⁵Meuhedet Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel ⁶Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel ⁷The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Jerusalem, Israel ⁸Rambam Health Care Campus, Rappaport Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Haifa, Israel ⁹Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel Hashomer, Israel ¹⁰Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and the Sackler School of Medicine, IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver diseases, Tel Aviv, Israel ¹¹Hadassah Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, IBD Center, the Institute of Gastroenterology, Jerusalem, Israel ¹²Rabin Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Petach Tikva, Israel ¹³Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, CHEO Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Ottawa, Canada

¹University Medical Centre Utrecht, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Utrecht, Netherlands ²University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Department of Medicine, Norwich, United Kingdom ³Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Gastroenterology, Norwich, United Kingdom ⁴Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nijmegen, Netherlands ⁵University Medical Centre Utrecht, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Utrecht, Netherlands ⁶University of Cambridge, Institute of Public Health, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom ⁷University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, United Kingdom ⁸German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Department of Epidemiology, Nuthetal, Germany ⁹Aarhus University, Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus, Denmark ¹⁰Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Florence, Italy ¹¹Institut Gustave Roussy, French Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France ¹²Université Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital of Bicêtre, Department of Gastroenterology, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France ¹³Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark ¹⁴University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Regional Research-Center Sønderjylland, Odense, Denmark ¹⁵German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany ¹⁶“Civic–M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Ragusa, Italy ¹⁷Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece ¹⁸University Medical Center Utrecht, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands ¹⁹National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, Bilthoven, Netherlands ²⁰Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ede, Netherlands ²¹Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands

¹Algarve Hospital Centre, Gastroenterology, Algarve, Portugal ²Universidade do Algarve, Biomedical Science Department, Algarve, Portugal ³Algarve Hospital Centre, Psychiatry Department, Algarve, Portugal

¹County Council of Östergötland, Department of Surgery, Linköping, Sweden ²Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping, Sweden ³Ryhov County Hospital, Department of Surgery, Jönköping, Sweden ⁴Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Oxford, United Kingdom ⁵Karolinska Institutet, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Stockholm, Sweden ⁶Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Digestive Disease, Division of Coloproctology, Stockholm, Sweden ⁷University of Birmingham, Academic Department of Surgery, Division of Cancer Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom

¹University of Saskatchewan, Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, Canada ²University of Manitoba, Department of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada ³Health Quality Council (Saskatchewan), Saskatoon, Canada ⁴University of Saskatchewan, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, Canada ⁵Dalhousie University, Departments of Medicine and Community Health and Epidemiology, Halifax, Canada

¹University Medical Centre Utrecht, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Utrecht, Netherlands ²University Medical Centre Utrecht, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands ³Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nijmegen, Netherlands

¹North Zealand University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Frederikssund, Denmark ²Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Department of Gastronterology, Örebro, Sweden ³Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Institute for Digestive Research, Kaunas, Lithuania ⁴Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Gastroenterology Department, Vigo, Spain ⁵Nicosia Private practice, Nicosia Private practice, Nicosia, Cyprus ⁶Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Morgagni Hospital, Forli, Italy ⁷Slagelse Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Slagelse, Denmark ⁸Charles University, IBD Center ISCARE, Prague, Czech Republic ⁹Herning Central Hospital, Department of medicine, Herning, Denmark ¹⁰Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus, Denmark ¹¹Amiens University and Hospital, Epimad Registry, Gastroenterology Unit, Amiens, France ¹²Tartu University Hospital, Division of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Tartu, Estonia ¹³St Mark's Hospital, Gastroenterology, London, United Kingdom ¹⁴The National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Medical department, Tόrshavn, Faroe Islands ¹⁵AOU Careggi Regional Referral Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Gastroenterology Department, Florence, Italy ¹⁶Tampere University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere, Finland ¹⁷University Hospital, Ioannina, 1st Division of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, Ioannina, Greece ¹⁸Semmelweis University, 1st Department of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary ¹⁹Mater Dei Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, L-Imsida, Malta ²⁰Soroka Medical Center and Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beer Sheva, Israel ²¹University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zagreb, Croatia ²²Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padova, Italy ²³State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova, Department of Gastroenterology, Chisinau, Moldova, Republic of ²⁴University of Porto, Institute for molecular and cell biology, Porto, Portugal ²⁵Hospital de São João, Department of Gastroenterology, Porto, Portugal ²⁶Oporto Medical School, Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Porto, Portugal ²⁷University of Medicine “Victor Babes”, Clinic of Gastroenterology, Timisoara, Romania ²⁸Gentofte Hospital, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen, Denmark

¹Universitetet i Oslo, Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Oslo, Norway ²Oslo University Hospital, OCBE, Oslo, Norway ³Oslo University Hospital, Deaprtment of Gastroenterology, Oslo, Norway

¹St George's University Hospital, Gastroenterology, London, United Kingdom ²Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

¹Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, South Korea ²Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Daegu, South Korea ³Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, South Korea ⁴Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Goyang, South Korea ⁵Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Bucheon, South Korea ⁶Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ansan, South Korea ⁷Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cheongju, South Korea ⁸Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Changwon, South Korea ⁹Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, South Korea

Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Hépato-gastroentérologie, Brussels, Belgium

¹Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Gastroenterology, New York, United States ²Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Population Health Science and Policy, New York, United States

¹Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, United States ²Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States ³Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Lille, France ⁴Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ⁵University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada ⁶University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ⁷National Hospital, Tόrshavn, Faroe Islands ⁸Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea ⁹McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¹⁰University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada ¹¹Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada ¹²Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand ¹³Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ¹⁴National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland ¹⁵Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States ¹⁶Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ¹⁷The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong ¹⁸University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand ¹⁹University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia ²⁰St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia ²¹Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary ²²University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany ²³University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada ²⁴North Zealand University Hospital, Frederikssund, Denmark

¹Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden ²Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden ³QuintilesIMS, Real World Evidence Solutions & HEOR, Solna, Sweden ⁴AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States ⁵Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Stockholm, Sweden