¹Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Gastroenterology Unit, Madrid, Spain, ²Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain, ³Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain, ⁴Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Immunology Unit, Madrid, Spain, ⁵Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, ⁶Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Villaviciosa, Spain

¹Jawaharlal Nehru University, School of Life Sciences, New Delhi, India, ²All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Gastroenterology, New Delhi, India

¹Charite - University Hospital Berlin, Department of Surgery, Berlin, Germany, ²Charité university medicine, Pathology, Berlin, Germany, ³Charité university medicine, Gastroenterology, Berlin, Germany, ⁴Charité - University Hospital Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine I, Berlin, Germany, ⁵Charité university medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology, Berlin, Germany, ⁶DRK Klinikum, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Bremen, Germany

¹Thuringia Clinic, Department of Medicine, Saalfeld, Germany, ²University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Medicine, Erlangen, Germany, ³University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Medicine, Erlangen, Ghana, ⁴University Cracow, Department of Physiology, Cracow, Poland

¹Erasmus MC, Laboratory of Pediatrics, division Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, ²Erasmus MC, Department of Pulmonology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, ³Erasmus MC, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, ⁴Erasmus Medical Center Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

¹Università del Piemonte Orientale, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Novara, Italy, ²University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy, ³University of Torino, Torino, Italy

¹Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Madrid, España, Gastroenterology Unit, Madrid, Spain, ²Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Madrid, España, Pathology, Madrid, Spain

Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Gastroenterology, Guri, South Korea

¹CHA University, Gastroenterology, Seongnam, South Korea, ²CHA Cancer preventive Research center, Seongnam, South Korea

¹University of Padova, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padova, Italy, ²IRCCS IOV Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Padova, Italy, ³Azienda Ospedaliera - Università di Padova, Padova, Italy, ⁴University of Padova, Department of Medicine, Padova, Italy, ⁵University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy

Philip Morris International Research and Development, System Toxicology, Neuchatel, Switzerland

¹University of Leuven, Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Complex Genetics, Leuven, Belgium, ²University Hospital Ghent, Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent, Belgium, ³University Hospital Brussels, Department of Gastroenterology, Brussels, Belgium, ⁴University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium, ⁵University of Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), Leuven, Belgium

Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Gastroenterology, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan

¹Motol University Hospital, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic, ²Motol University Hospital, – Department of Paediatrics, Prague, Czech Republic, ³Motol University Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Prague, Czech Republic

¹St Vincent's Hopspital, Sydney, Gastroenterology, Sydney, Australia, ²The Australian National University, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Canberra, Australia, ³The University of Western Australia, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, Perth, Australia, ⁴University of Western Australia, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Perth, Australia, ⁵St John of God Hospital, Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Subiaco, Australia, ⁶Telethon Kids Institute, Inflammation, Subiaco, Australia, ⁷The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Osteoporosis and Bone Biology, Sydney, Australia, ⁸St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Endocrinology, Sydney, Australia

¹King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, London, UK, ²King's College London, Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, London, UK, ³Bart’s and the London NHS Trust, Gastroenterology Department, London, UK, ⁴King's College London, Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, London, UK

¹University of Valencia, Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain, ²Fisabio Hospital Dr Peset, Valencia, Spain, ³University of Valencia, Medicine, Valencia, Spain, ⁴CIBERehd, Valencia, Spain, ⁵Hospital of Manises, Servicio de Cirugía, Valencia, Spain

¹Korea University Ansan Hospital, Internal Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, ²Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

¹University College London Hospital, Nutrition and Dietetics, London, UK, ²University College London, London, UK, ³University College London, London, UK

¹Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark, ²University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense, Denmark, ³San Matteo Hospital Foundation and University of Pavia, Department of Internal Medicine, Pavia, Italy, ⁴University College of London, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, London, UK