¹Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Gastroenterological Area, Gastroenterological and Endocrino-Metabolical Sciences Department, ROME, Italy, ²Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Department of Pathology, Rome, Italy

¹All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, New Delhi, India, ²All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ophthalmology, New Delhi, India, ³All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology, New Delhi, India, ⁴International centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India, ⁵Translational Health Sciences and Technology Institute, Immunology, Faridabad, India

¹University of Glasgow, Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow, UK, ²University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, ³Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Gastroenterology Unit, Glasgow, UK, ⁴Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK, ⁵Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK

Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands

¹Kansai Medical University, Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Hirakata, Japan, ²Kansai Medical University, Gastroenterology and hepatology, Hirakata, Japan

¹PMI R&D; Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchatel, Switzerland, ²PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore

Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

¹University Hospital Zurich, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zurich, Switzerland, ²University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, ³Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Rehovot, Israel, ⁴University of Zurich, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland, ⁵Hadassah University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jerusalem, Israel

¹University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium, ²KU Leuven, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium, ³KU Leuven, Laboratory of Complex Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium, ⁴KU Leuven, Laboratory for Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium

¹Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, ²Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China, ³Fudan University, Nanjing, China, ⁴Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China, ⁵Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China, ⁶Fudan University, Shanghai, China

¹University of Oxford, Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Oxford, UK, ²Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany, ³University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK

¹University of Birmingham, Centre for Liver Research and National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham, Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham, UK, ²University of Birmingham, Institute of Translational Medicine, Birmingham, UK, ³University Hospital Birmingham, Department of Gastroenterology, Birmingham, UK, ⁴University of Birmingham, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham, UK, ⁵University of Birmingham, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Birmingham, UK, ⁶University of Birmingham, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham, UK

¹Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Gastroenterology, Nanjing, China, ²Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Endocrinology, Nanjing, China

¹University of Milan, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Milan, Italy, ²ASST Fatebenefratelli - Sacco, Department of Pathology, Milan, Italy, ³ASST Fatebenefratelli - Sacco, Department of Surgery, IBD unit, Milan, Italy, ⁴University of Pavia, Department of Medicine I, Pavia, Italy, ⁵ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB, Department of Surgery, Pavia, Italy

¹University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium, ²KU Leuven, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium, ³KU Leuven, Laboratory of Complex Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium

¹Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine, Gastroenterology, Tel Hashomer, Israel, ²Sheba Medical Center, Hematology lab, Ramat Gan, Israel

¹Academic Medical Center (AMC), Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ²Academic Medical Center (AMC), Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ³Academic Medical Center (AMC), Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

¹KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium, ²University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium