¹The University of Nottingham, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre in Gastrointestinal and Liver disease at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queens Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, UK, ²The University of Nottingham, Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, Nottingham, UK

University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

¹Universidad de Valencia, Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain, ²FISABIO Hospital Peset, Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain, ³Hospital de Sagunto, Surgical Department, Sagunto, Spain, ⁴Hospital de Manises, Gastroenterology Department, Manises, Spain, ⁵Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain, ⁶Universidad de Valencia-CIBERehd, Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain, ⁷Universidad de Valencia, Medicine, Valencia, Spain

¹M2iSH Laboratory UMR 1071 Inserm / UCA, Clermont-Ferrand, France, ²Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France, ³Biostatistics unit, Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France, ⁴UMR843, Inserm, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris et Université, Paris Diderot, Clermont-Ferrand, France, ⁵Biochemistry laboratory, University Hospital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France

¹University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium, ²University Hospitals Leuven, Abdominal surgery, Leuven, Belgium

¹John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Oxford, UK, ²Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Department of NDORMS, Oxford, UK

Korea University, Internal medicine, Seoul, South Korea

¹Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Genetics and Genomics Sciences, New York, USA, ²Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, New York, USA, ³Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York, USA, ⁴Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Human Immune Monitoring Center, New York, USA, ⁵Janssen R&D, Spring House, PA, USA, ⁶Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Division of Gastroenterology, New York, USA, ⁷Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Pediatric GI and Hepatology, New York, USA, ⁸Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Population Health Science and Policy, New York, USA

¹Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Department of Biomedicine, Porto, Portugal, ²I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, ³Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, E.P.E., Department of General Surgery, Viseu, Portugal, ⁴Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Department of Biomedicine, Porto, Portugal, ⁵Centro Hospitalar São João, E.P.E., Department of Gastroenterology, Porto, Portugal

¹Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark, ²University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense, Denmark

¹Redx Pharma, Alderley Park, UK, ²Ghent University, Gastroenterology, Ghent, Belgium, ³Amakem Therapeutics, Diepenbeek, Belgium, ⁴Inflammation Research Centre, VIB, Ghent, Belgium, ⁵Ghent University, Pulmonary Medicine, Ghent, Belgium, ⁶Ghent Q1 University, Pathology, Ghent, Belgium

¹Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Gastroenterology Unit, Madrid, Spain, ²Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain, ³Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain, ⁴Hospital Universitario Mutua Terrassa, Gastroenterology Unit, Tarrasa, Spain, ⁵Fundació Recerca Mútua Terrassa, Tarrasa, Spain, ⁶Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, India

¹University of Nottingham, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham, UK, ²Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK, ³Birmingham Children's Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK, ⁴University of Exeter, Sports and Health Sciences, Exeter, UK, ⁵NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK

¹Yonsei University College of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, ²Yonsei University College of Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Seoul, South Korea

First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing, China

¹St.Vincent's University Hospital, Gastroenterology, Dublin, Ireland, ²University College Dublin, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland, ³St.Vincent's University Hospital, Center for Colorectal Disease, Dublin, Ireland, ⁴St Vincent's University Hospital, Centre for Colorectal Disease, Dublin, Ireland

Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain

¹Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon-si, South Korea, ²Kangwon National University, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea