¹Nantes University Hospital, UMR Inserm 1235 – TENS, Gastroenterology department, Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France, ²Nantes University Hospital, Pathology department, Nantes, France, ³Nantes University Hospital, Digestive surgery department, Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France, ⁴Nantes University Hospital, CIC, INSERM 1413, Nantes, France

¹University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, ²University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands, ³University Hospital Zurich, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zurich, Switzerland, ⁴University of Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands, ⁵University of Zurich, Institute of Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland, ⁶Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland

¹IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, Department of Gastroenterology, Barcelona, Spain, ²Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Department of Gastroenterology, Terrassa, Spain

¹KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium, ²KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium, ³University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium

¹Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel, Germany, ²Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania, ³Department of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany, ⁴Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany, ⁵Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany, ⁶Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany, ⁷Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, ⁸Basque Foundation for Science, BioCruces Health Research Institute and IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain, ⁹Department of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden, ¹¹Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania, ¹²Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, KIel, Germany, ¹³Department of Gastroenterology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden

¹Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK, ²Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Gastroenterology, Leeds, UK

¹University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium, ²Catholic University Leuven, Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium, ³Erasmus MC, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, ⁴Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aarhus, Denmark, ⁵Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust, IBD Unit, Hull, UK, ⁶University of Hull and York, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK, ⁷St. Marks Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, London, UK, ⁸Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg – Campus Sint-Jan, Department of Gastroenterology, Genk, Belgium, ⁹Barts Health NHS Trust, Department of Gastroenterology, London, UK, ¹⁰St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Dublin, Ireland, ¹¹Hôpital Rangueil, Department of Gastroenterology, Toulouse, France, ¹²CHU Lyon, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lyon, France, ¹³CHU UCL Namur, Université catholique de Louvain, Deparment of Gastroenterology, Yvoir, Belgium, ¹⁴Imeldaziekenhuis, Department of Gastroenterology, Bonheiden, Belgium, ¹⁵Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Department of Gastroenterology, Brussels, Belgium, ¹⁶Mariaziekenhuis Noord-Limburg, Department of Gastroenterology, Overpelt, Belgium, ¹⁷Faculty of Medicine and Health Orebro University, Department of Gastroenterology, Orebro, Sweden, ¹⁸Radboud UMC, Department of Gastroenterology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, ¹⁹Opernstrasse, Department of Gastroenterology, Kassel, Germany, ²⁰CHU Liège, Department of Gastroenterology, Liège, Belgium, ²¹Universiteit ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Department of Gastroenterology, Antwerpen, Belgium, ²²Military Medical Academy Belgrade, Department of Gastroenterology, Belgrade, Serbia, ²³Sint-Trudo Ziekenhuis, Department of Gastroenterology, St-Truiden, Belgium, ²⁴AZ Vesalius, Department of Gastroenterology, Tongeren, Belgium, ²⁵AZ Klina, Department of Gastroenterology, Brasschaat, Belgium, ²⁶AZ Groeninge, Department of Gastroenterology, Kortrijk, Belgium, ²⁷Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University Jerusalem, Digestive diseases institute, Jerusalem, Israel

¹University of Sheffield, Clinical Psychology Unit, Sheffield, UK, ²Crohn’s and Colitis UK, St Albans, UK, ³University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, Sheffield, UK

¹Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel, ²Schneider Children’s Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel, ³Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Pediatric Gastroenetrology Unit, Health Sciences, Beer-Sheva, Israel, ⁴Pediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Ruth Children’s Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, ⁵Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat gan, Israel, ⁶Digestive diseases institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, ⁷Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Petach Tikva, Israel, ⁸Health Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Jerusalem, Israel

¹Kyorin University School of Medicine, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, ²Saitama Medical Centre, Saitama Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saitama, Japan, ³Yokohama City University Medical Center, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Kanagawa, Japan, ⁴Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto, Japan, ⁵Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo, Japan, ⁶Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sapporo, Japan, ⁷Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Fukuoka, Japan, ⁸Kansai Medical University, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka, Japan, ⁹Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Departments of Gastroenterology, Hyogo, Japan, ¹⁰Japan Red Cross Ashikaga Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Tochigi, Japan, Japan, ¹¹Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki, Japan, ¹²Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Chikushino, Japan, ¹³Osaka City General Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Osaka, Japan, ¹⁴Hyogo College of Medicine, Department of Intestinal Inflammation Research, Nishinomiya, Japan, ¹⁵Keio University, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, ¹⁶Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo, Japan, ¹⁷Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Sakura, Japan, ¹⁸Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Tokyo, Japan, ¹⁹Institute of Medical Science Hospital, University of Tokyo, Center for Translational Research, Tokyo, Japan, ²⁰Iwate Medical University, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Morioka, Japan

¹Hopital Erasme – ULB, Department of Gastroenterology, Brussels, Belgium, ²University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium, ³KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium, ⁴Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sart-Tilman – ULG, Department of Gastroenterology, Liège, Belgium, ⁵Universiteit ziekenhuis Antwerpen – UZA, Department of Gastroenterology, Antwerpen, Belgium, ⁶Universitair ziekenhuis Gent, Department of Gastroenterology, Gent, Belgium, ⁷AZ Groeninge, Department of Gastroenterology, Kortrijk, Belgium, ⁸Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mont-Godinne – UCL, Department of Gastroenterology, Yvoir, Belgium, ⁹Imeldaziekenhuis, Department of Gastroenterology, Bonheiden, Belgium, ¹⁰Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen, Department of Gastroenterology, Antwerpen, Belgium, ¹¹Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg – Campus Sint-Jan, Department of Gastroenterology, Genk, Belgium, ¹²GZA Sint-Vincentius ziekenhuis, Department of Gastroenterology, Antwerpen, Belgium, ¹³Algemeen Ziekenhuis Sint-Lucas, Department of Gastroenterology, Gent, Belgium, ¹⁴Algemeen Ziekenhuis Sint-Lucas, Department of Gastroenterology, Brugge, Belgium, ¹⁵AZ Delta, Department of Gastroenterology, Roeselare-Menen, Belgium

¹Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Rome, Italy, ²Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy, ³Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Bergamo, Italy, ⁴Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Genoa, Italy, ⁵Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Rome, Italy, ⁶University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Naples, Italy, ⁷University of Messina, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Messina, Italy, ⁸San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy, ⁹Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy

¹Mayo Clinic, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rochester, USA, ²Icahn School of Medicine, Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, USA, ³Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA, ⁴Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Lisbon, Portugal, ⁵Janssen R&D, Spring House, USA, ⁶Prometheus Laboratories Inc., San Diego, USA, ⁷Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, USA

¹Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel, ²Cincinnati Children Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA

¹University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium, ²KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium

¹Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ²KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium, ³KU Leuven, Department of Human genetics, Laboratory for Complex Genetics, Leuven, Belgium, ⁴Earlham Institute, Norwich, UK, ⁵Quadram Institute, Norwich, Belgium, ⁶Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven, Belgium

¹Western University, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, London, Ontario, Canada, ²King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, ³University of Calgary, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, ⁴King Abdulaziz University, Department of Medicine, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia, ⁵Western University, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, London, Ontario, Canada

¹Caisse Nationale Assurance Maladie, Paris, France, ²Caisse Nationale de l’Assurance Maladie, Paris, France, ³Hopital Bicetre, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France

¹Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA, ²Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, PA, USA, ³Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba, Japan, ⁴University of Palermo, IBD Unit, Palermo, Italy, ⁵Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA, ⁶University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

¹Wolfson Medical Center, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Holon, Israel, ²Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, ³Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada, ⁴Schneider Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel, ⁵Meyer Hospital, Haifa, Israel, ⁶University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, ⁷Hadassah Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel, ⁸Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, ⁹Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot, Israel, ¹⁰HaEmek Hospital, Afula, Israel, ¹¹Poriah hospital, Tiberias, Israel, ¹²French Hospital, Nazareth, Israel