¹Department of Gastroenterology, CHU Hotel Dieu, Nantes Cedex 1, France, ²Department of Gastroenterology, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France, ³Department of Gastroenterology, CHU d’Angers, Angers, France, ⁴Department of Biostatistics, CHU Hotel Dieu, Nantes Cedex 1, France, ⁵Centre d’Investigation Clinique, CHU Hotel Dieu, Nantes Cedex 1, France, ⁶Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU Hotel Dieu, Nantes Cedex 1, France

¹Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Gastroenterology, Birmingham, UK, ²University of Birmingham, Gastroenterology, Birmingham, UK, ³Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, ⁴Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Gastroenterology, Birmingham, UK, ⁵Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

¹Institute of Translational Medicine and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, ²Institute for Biological Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, ³Cancer and Genomic Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, ⁴University Department of Pathology, Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Oxford, UK

¹Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, Department of Gastroenterology, Oviedo, Spain, ²Universidad de León, Biomedicina y Ciencias de la Salud, León, Spain, ³Hospital Universitario de León, Gastroenterology, León, Spain, ⁴Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain, ⁵Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, Plataforma de Bioestadística y Epidemiología, Oviedo, Spain

¹University Hospital of Messina, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood ‘G. Barresi’, Messina, Italy, ²University of Messina, Department of Economy, Messina, Italy, ³Giannina Gaslini Research Institute and Children Hospital, Pediatric Surgery Unit, Genova, Italy

¹Department of Pathology, S. Giovanni Battista Hospital, Torino, Italy, ²Pathology Unit, Forlì Hospital, Forlì, Italy, ³Pathology Unit, ASUITS Trieste, Trieste, Italy, ⁴Policlinico di Modena, Pathology Unit, Modena e Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy, ⁵ASST del Garda, Desenzano del Garda, Pathology Unit, Brescia, Italy, ⁶S. Leonardo Hospital, Castellammare di Stabia, Pathology Unit, Castellammare di Stabia, Italy, ⁷Spedali Civili di Brescia, Pathology Unit, Brescia, Italy

Department of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA

Hospital Universitario La Paz, Gastroenterology, Madrid, Spain

¹NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, Gastroenterology, Nottingham, UK, ²University Hospitals Leuven, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium, ³KU Leuven, Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, TARGID-IBD Unit, Leuven, Belgium, ⁴University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy, ⁵Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada and Instituto de Investigacion de La Paz IdiPaz, Gastroenterology, Madrid, Spain, ⁶Internistische Gemeinschaftspraxis, Gastroenterology, Leipzig, Germany, ⁷University of Ioannina School of Health Sciences, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine- Faculty of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece, ⁸University of Rzeszow, Department of Gastroenterology with IBD Unit of Clinical Hospital 2, Rzeszow, Poland, ⁹University of Szeged, First Department of Medicine, Szeged, Hungary, ¹⁰Venizeleio General Hospital, Gastroenterology, Heraklion, Greece

¹Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, ²Institute for Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany

North-Western State Medical University n.a. I.I.Mechnikov, the Chair of the Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietology n.a. S.M. Riss, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation

¹Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, ²Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

¹Medical University of Vienna, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vienna, Austria, ²Medical University of Vienna, Department of Epidemiology, Vienna, Austria, ³Hospital Brothers of St. John of God St. Veit an der Glan, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Veit an der Glan, Austria, ⁴Darm Praxis Salzburg, Darm Praxis Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria, ⁵Medical University of Graz, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graz, Austria, ⁶Hospital Wels-Grieskirchen, Department of Internal Medicine I, Wels, Austria, ⁷Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine I, Innsbruck, Austria, ⁸Hospital Rudolfstiftung, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Vienna, Austria, ⁹Hospital Oberpullendorf, Department of Internal Medicine, Oberpullendorf, Austria, ¹⁰Universitätsklinikum St. Pölten, Department of Internal Medicine II, St. Pölten, Austria, ¹¹Hospital Wels-Grieskirchen, Department of Internal Medicine V, Grieskirchen, Austria, ¹²Hospital Hall in Tirol, Department of Internal Medicine, Hall in Tirol, Austria, ¹³Hospital Wiener Neustadt, Department of Internal Medicine I, Wiener Neustadt, Austria, ¹⁴Franziskus Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Vienna, Austria, ¹⁵Hanusch Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Vienna, Austria, ¹⁶Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Linz, Austria, ¹⁷Hospital Feldkirch, Department of Internal Medicine, Feldkirch, Austria, ¹⁸Hospital Brothers of St. John of God Graz, Department of Internal Medicine II, Graz, Austria, ¹⁹Hospital Brothers of St. John of God Salzburg, Department of Internal Medicine, Salzburg, Austria

¹Nancy University Hospital, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Inserm NGERE, Nancy, France, ²Nancy University Hospital, Methodology Data Management and Statistic Unit, MPI Department, Nancy, France, ³University Hospital of Grenoble, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Grenoble, France, ⁴Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milan, Italy, ⁵Nancy University Hospital, Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology Nutrition, Nancy, France, ⁶University Hospital of Nancy, Methodology, Data Management and Statistic Unit, MPI Department, Nancy, France

¹Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, ²Department of Gastroenterology, Asahi University Hospital, Gifu, Japan

¹Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA, ²Michigan Institute Health Policy and Innovation IHPI, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA, ³Michigan Integrated Center for Health Analytics and Medical Prediction MiCHAMP, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA, ⁴Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA

Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Jerusalem, Israel

¹Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ²Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA