¹Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing - TARGID, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ²Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute, Norwich, UK, ³Korcsmaros Group, Organisms and Ecosystems, Earlham Institute, Norwich, UK, ⁴Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ⁵Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

¹Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA, ²Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ³Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA, ⁴Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA, ⁵Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA, ⁶Gastroenterology Division, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal

¹Gastroenterology Department, Kremlin Bicetre Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris Sud, Saint-Mandé, France, ²Gustave Roussy Institute, Inserm, Villejuif, France, ³Gastroenterology Department, Kremlin Bicetre Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris Sud, Paris, France, ⁴Pediatric Department, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada, ⁵Gastroenterology Department, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, UK, ⁶Gastroenterology and Gut Biology Department, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, UK

Department of Clinical Medicine, Gastroenterology and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy

¹Department of Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, ²Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK, ³Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institue, Edinburgh, UK, ⁴Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Royal Aberdeen Children’s Hospital, Aberdeen, UK, ⁵Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK, ⁶Information Services Division, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK, ⁷Salvesen Mindroom Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

¹Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Kessel-Lo, Belgium, ²Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium, ³Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ⁴Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

¹Department of Blood Sciences, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK, ²Exeter IBD Pharmacogenetics, University of Exeter., Exeter, UK

¹Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam UMC - Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ²Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada, ³Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, ⁴Wolfson Medical Centre, Paediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Holon, Israel

¹Department of Gastroenterology, Leuven, Belgium, ²Division of Gastroenterology, La Jolla, University of California - San Diego, USA, ³Department of Gastroenterology, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium, ⁴Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy, ⁵Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan, ⁶Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, USA, ⁷Takeda, Medical Safety, London, UK, ⁸Takeda, Research and Development- Global Clinical Sciences, Cambridge, USA, ⁹Takeda, Clinical Pharmacology, Cambridge, USA, ¹⁰Takeda, Statistical and Quantitative Sciences, R&D, Cambridge, USA, ¹¹Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

¹Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, University of Tel Aviv, Tel-Hashosmer, Israel, ²Department of Gastroenterology, Melita Medical, Wroclaw, Poland, ³Department of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv University, Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine, Ramat Gan, Israel, ⁴Department of Gastroenterology, Twoja Przychodnia, Szczecińskie Centrum Medyczne, Szczecin, Poland, ⁵Department of Gastroenterology, Center of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia, ⁶Department of Gastroenterology, Endoskopia Sp. z o.o., Sopot, Poland, ⁷Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Szent Imre Egyetemi Oktatókórház, Budapest, Hungary, ⁸Klinika Gastroenterologii, Hepatologii, Zaburzeń Odżywiania i Pediatri, Pomnik Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka, Warsaw, Poland, ⁹Department of Gastroenterology, Centrum Diagnostyczno, Wloclawek, Poland, ¹⁰College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea Republic of, ¹¹Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, ¹²Division of Clinical Development, CELLTRION Inc., Incheon, Korea Republic of, ¹³Department of Clinical Planning, CELLTRION Inc., Incheon, Korea Republic of, ¹⁴Department of Clinical Statistics, CELLTRION Inc., Incheon, Korea Republic of, ¹⁵Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany

¹Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA, ²Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA, ³Department of Surgery, University of California - San Diego, San Diego, USA

¹Department of Gastroenterology, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK, ²Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, ³Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK, ⁴Department of Gastroenterology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy, ⁵Department of Gastroenterology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada, ⁶Department of Gastroenterology, Klinikum Boblingen, Boblingen, Germany, ⁷Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA, ⁸Department of Gastroenterology, Kings College London, London, UK, ⁹Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ¹⁰Department of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA, ¹¹Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, ¹²Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy, ¹³Department of Gastroenterology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, ¹⁴Department of Gastroenterology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, ¹⁵Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy, ¹⁶Department of Pathology, Kinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany, ¹⁷Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy, ¹⁸Department of Pathology, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK, ¹⁹Department of Gastroenterology, Helios HSK Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany, ²⁰Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

¹Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ²Clinical Trials Design and Management, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, ³Department of Inflammatory Disease, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, ⁴Department of Gastroenterology, AZ Delta, Roeselare-Menen, Belgium, ⁵Department of Gastroenterology, University of Liège and CHU, Liège, Belgium, ⁶Department of Gastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, ⁷Department of Gastroenterology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, ⁸Department of Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, USA, ⁹Department of Immunology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, USA, ¹⁰Department of Data and Statistical Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, USA, ¹¹Department of Immunology, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Ludwigshafen, Germany, ¹²Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

¹Department of Immunology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA, ²Department of Discovery Sciences, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA, ³Department of Discovery Sciences, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, USA, ⁴Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria

¹Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa- IIS-IP- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid- and CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain, ²Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain, ³Gastroenterology Unit, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, ⁴Gastroenterology Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, ⁵Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain, ⁶Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa- IIS Aragón and CIBEREHD, Zaragoza, Spain, ⁷Gastroenterology Unit, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía., Spain, ⁸Gastroenterology Unit, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain, ⁹Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain, ¹⁰Department of Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and CIBEREHD, Valencia, Spain, ¹¹Department of Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain, ¹²Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, Cuenca, Spain, ¹³Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Clinico de Valencia and Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, ¹⁴Gastroenteroloy Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gerona Dr Josep Trueta, Gerona, Spain, ¹⁵Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Germans Trials i Pujol and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain, ¹⁶Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Spain, ¹⁷Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu- Althaia- Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Barcelona, Spain, ¹⁸Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz and IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain, ¹⁹Gastroenterology Unit, Consorci Sanitari de Terrasa, Barcelona, Spain, ²⁰Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Islas Canarias, Spain, ²¹Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital de Bellvitge and IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain, ²²Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada. Instituto de Investigación de La Paz IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain, ²³Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain, ²⁴Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain, ²⁵Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Clìnic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, ²⁶Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain, ²⁷Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain, ²⁸Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante and CIBERehd, Alicante, Spain, ²⁹Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Santos Reyes de Aranda del Duero, Burgos, Spain, ³⁰Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital General de Tomelloso and CIBEREHD, Ciudad Real, Spain, ³¹Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital del Mar and Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain, ³²Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Vizcaya, Spain, ³³Gastroenterology Unit, Complejo Hospitalario de Palencia, Palencia, Spain, ³⁴Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and IdISSC, Madrid, Spain

¹Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ²Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

¹Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California - San Diego, San Diego, USA, ²Department of Gastroenterology, University of California - San Diego, San Diego, USA, ³Computer Science and Engineering, University of California - San Diego, San Diego, USA, ⁴Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA, ⁵Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA, ⁶University of California San Diego, Pathology, San Diego, USA

¹School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China, ²Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, ³Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China

¹Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, ²Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

¹Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, ²Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, ³School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, ⁴LifeArc, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK, ⁵Centre for Genomics Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, ⁶Department of Gastroenterology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK, ⁷Norwich Research Centre, Earlham Institute, Norwich, UK, ⁸European Commission, Research and Innovation, Brussels, Belgium