¹The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China, ²The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China

Department of Gastroenterology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

¹School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, ²Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Dublin, Ireland

¹Yonsei University College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea, ²Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, ³Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Seoul, Republic of Korea

¹Asuits Cattinara Hospital, Gastroenterology, Trieste, Italy, ²Istituto Milanese di Psicoterapia Cognitivo Comportamentale - IMIPSI, Psychology, Milano, Italy, ³Ospedale IRCCS ‘Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria’ Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale Classificato e Presidio Ospedaliero Accreditato - Regione Veneto, Gastroenterology, Verona, Italy, ⁴Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Pisa – AOUP, Gastroenterology, Pisa, Italy, ⁵Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Psychology, Genova, Italy, ⁶Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, VascularSciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Biostatistics, Padova, Italy, ⁷Ospedale S. Michele Brotzu, Gastroenterology, Cagliari, Italy, ⁸Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Internal Medicine, Palermo, Italy, ⁹Ospedale Regionale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS di San Giovanni Rotondo, Gastroenterology, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy, ¹⁰IBD Unit Presidio Columbus-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS e Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Gastroenterology, Roma, Italy

¹IBDome-DE Investigators, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, CBF and German Rheumatism Research Center-Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany, ²Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, ein Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft, Inflammatory Mechanisms Group, Berlin, Germany, ³Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, iPath.Berlin-Immunopathology for Experimental Models, Berlin, Germany

CDISC, Standards Development, Austin, USA

PMI, Systems toxicology, Neuchatel, Switzerland

¹Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, ²Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany, ³Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, DGD Clinics Sachsenhausen, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

¹University Hospital Zagreb, Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Zagreb, Croatia, ²Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Nutrition Science, Zagreb, Croatia, ³Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

¹Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Medicina, Madrid, Spain, ²Unidad de Análisis de Datos. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Análisis de Datos, Madrid, Spain, ³Universidad de Alcalá., Farmacia, Alcalá de Henares Madrid, Spain, ⁴Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada IMMA. Universidad San Pablo CEU., Medicina, Madrid, Spain, ⁵Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa. CIBERehd., Medicina, Madrid, Spain, ⁶Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Medicina, Madrid, Spain, ⁷Hospital Universitario de La Princesa. CIBERehd., Medicina, Madrid, Spain, ⁸Mucosal Immunolgy lab. Instituto de de Biología y Genética Molecular IBGM., Medicina, Valladolid, Spain, ⁹Both authors had equal contribution- as senior authors, Medicina, Madrid, Spain

Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, University of Palermo, PROMISE, Palermo, Italy

¹Hôpital Erasme, Department of Gastroenterelogy, Brussels, Belgium, ²The Pancreas Institute. University of Verona. G.B. Rossi University, Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Verona, Italy, ³Hôpital Erasme, Gastroenterelogy, Brussels, Belgium, ⁴Hôpital Erasme, Clinic of Colorectal Surgery – Department of Digestive Surgery, Brussels, Belgium

¹Erasmus MC/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, ²Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, London, UK, ³Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, APHP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Paris, France, ⁴Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

¹Nordic Bioscience A/S, Department of Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark, ²Akershus University Hospital, Department of Radiology, Lørenskog, Norway, ³University of Oslo, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo, Norway, ⁴University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway, ⁵Akershus University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Lørenskog, Norway, ⁶University Hospital Oslo, Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo, Norway, ⁷Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo, Norway, ⁸Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Department of Medicine, Bergen, Norway, ⁹University of Bergen, Department of Clinical Science, Bergen, Norway, ¹⁰Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo, Norway, ¹¹Oslo University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo, Norway

Kyoto Prefectural University Of Medicine, Department of Molecuar Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto, Japan

¹Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany, ²Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg, Germany, ³Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Department of Neurology, Mannheim, Germany

¹University of California San Diego, Gastroenterology, San Diego, USA, ²University of Western Ontario, Gastroenterology, London, Ontario, Canada, ³University of Calgary, Gastroenterology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, ⁴McMaster University, Gastroenterology, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, ⁵Nancy University Hospital, Gastroenterology, Nancy, France, ⁶University Hospitals Leuven, Gastroenterology, Leuven, Belgium, ⁷Academic Medical Center, Gastroenterology, Antilles, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

¹Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Gastroenterology, Birmingham, UK, ²Radboudumc, Gastroenterology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, ³University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Gastroenterology, Coventry, UK, ⁴The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Gastroenterology, Wolverhampton, UK, ⁵The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Gastroenterology, Dudley, UK, ⁶University Hospitals Of Leicester NHS Trust, Gastroenterology, Leicester, UK, ⁷Institute of Translational Medicine- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre- University of Birmiingham, Birmingham, UK, ⁸Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Gastroenterology, Birmingham, UK, ⁹Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK